think, concentrate one´s attention on sth specific

"Take thought in translating ‘tongues’."
 Google

Take thought of them; that good may come to them take thought. google

You either accept it, or take thought about
it. If you take thought about it - nothing but frustration happens.  google

have or affect the type of speech that is used the upper class

So a posh restaurant, hotel, car etc is expensive and looks as if it’s used or owned by rich people; while to “talk posh” is to talk in an upper class manner. Google

"They make fun of me because of the way I talk. They say I 'talk posh'.". Then she did start to cry. google

We don't talk posh that's only the Royal family (we don't talk to them anyway). google

talk sensibly

It's time to talk sense about outsourcing. google

Talk Sense to Yourself is the kind of book you read with a highlighter, enthusiastically. Google

German manufacturers talk sense.  google

talk seriously (originally US), the reference being to the main dish of a celebratory dinner on Christmas or Thanksgiving)

Believe it or not, all of this talking and turkey has nothing to do with the phrase
"let's talk turkey. Google

If the owner really wants to sell, he'll talk turkey. google

Bush talks Turkey and is given the bird. google

dát/udělit někomu lekci

The next time she's late, go without her. That should teach her a lesson. (Cambridge International Dict. of Id.)

Oh, I won´t do him any harm. Teach him a usefull lesson, I hope. (Longman Dict. of English Id.)

I decided to teach my young brother a lesson after I cought him hurting our cat. (Longman D.o.E.I.)

přimět někoho, aby akceptoval své sociální postavení ve společnosti nebo obecně svou pozici

As for the odd one who stands out from the pack and refuses to back down to wayward politicians, he can always be told to defer to Parliament or some such crap that is supposed to teach him his place in our great democracy. WebC

So they decided the best way to teach him his place was to show his foul acts on public TV. WebC

He promised himself that some day he would teach him his place and give him a lesson, for life at home was becoming very painful as a result of these constant scenes. WebC

to show someone how to do a job or activity

Lynn spent an afternoon showing the new girl the ropes. (Cambridge International Dict. of Id.)

I tried to talk the guy into hiring me to work for &GREATER; him the first week to teach him the ropes but he didn't take me up on it. WebC

He goes so far as to pay a suburban family to take him and teach him the ropes of being a "normal kid." WebC

punish sb so that he doesn´t do sth again

Your child might need augmentative devices - just be sure they will work to teach
him to do the best is is capable of and not just toss a device at him.  Google

Do not give in to the tantrum as this will teach him to do it more. google

 Teach him to do something besides bark, reward the quiet
moments.  google

poučovat někoho o něčem, o čem on už ví více než já

You're teaching your grandmother to suck eggs, Ted. I've been playing this game since before you were born! (Cambridge International Dict. of Idioms)

He´s always telling the director how to run the business; that´s like teaching his garndmother to suck eggs. (Longman Dict. of English Id.)

Don´t try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs. (Longman Dict. of English Id.)

oblíbený žák, mazánek, oblíbenec, patolízal

All the kids in school think he is a teacher's pet and begin to make fun of him.

Everyone thinks Jake is a teacher's pet.

When there is a "teacher's pet," other students may refuse to ask questions lest they be similarly branded by their peers.

(Google)

key test

The acid test for art criticism is the solo exhibition.  BNCI

Positive test results and favourable feedback might be sufficient evaluation criteria outside of the Criminal Justice System but reconviction rates for probation practice must remain the acid test.  BNCI

This, however, is to evade the acid test, as I have already implied, which is the ability even of these talented enthusiasts to perform with similar confidence and panache in the designated area of the curriculum with which they are less familiar.  BNCI

only the very best that can be bought

A good mother, many women feel, is able to give her children everything they need in life, including the best education that money can buy. WebC

They have indicated that they do not intend to have any further children and would prefer Emma to have the best education that money can buy. WebC

By denying children advantages such as health care and the best education that money can buy, we are denying our state -- and its economy -- a prosperous future. WebC

when people without adequate knowledge or experience attempt to direct or guide others like themselves

It could be argued that it is the blind leading the blind--; with one of the partners having a more experienced guide dog tutored by on-the-job training!  BNCI

Not only that, the purveyors of doctrine now have become "the blind leading the blind," to borrow from another Bible quote. WebC

It will be a case of the blind leading the blind . WebC

a question whose answer is hotly debated or on which a great deal depends

And the burning question: did he and the other comedians have a couple of drinks or healthy snorts before the shows?  BNCI

The burning question for the poverty lobby is from where and how, particularly given the Fowler reviews in 1986 which made wide-ranging cuts and changes to the social security system.  BNCI

It only leaves the burning question --; what time today will Turnip resign.  BNCI

educated people who like to discuss and give their opinions about political and social matters

So, I imagine a new dinner party game for the chatterin' classes...  Google

Rock isn't the art form of the chattering classes and only a minority of its practitioners have any expertise in elucidating a rigorous conceptual rationale for their work.  BNCI

On the other hand, Wringe's suspicions gain some credence in the light of the well-publicised hostility of the Thatcherite Right to `;the chattering classes';.  Google