Modul12

Introduction

In the previous modules, we focused on working with information. Now we will focus on working with people. People can have different opinions, which is normal. Critical thinking does not mean winning an argument. It means having a constructive conversation.

How to respond to a different opinion?

Let's repeat what we've already said in previous modules. You can say, for example:

• "I understand what you're saying."
• "I have a different perspective."
• "Can you explain that?"
• "I need more information."
• "I'm not sure."

It's okay to disagree, and the other party should respect that.

What is an argumentative attack?

An attack is an argument that:

• judges a person,
• insults a person,
• discredits a person,
• downplays the situation,
• uses authority to justify itself,
• does not provide justification.

Example: "You don't understand." "Only a stupid person would say that."
That's not an argument.

What to do when someone attacks you?

When you are being attacked:

• Stay calm.
• Do not respond with aggression.
• Return to the topic.
• You can politely end the conversation.

There is no obligation to discuss at all costs.

📌 Summary

• Sometimes it is better to say: "I don't know, I don't have enough information." "I need to check that." This is part of critical thinking.
• Respect is part of critical thinking.
• An argument must be justified.
• An argumentative attack is not an argument.
• It is okay to have a different opinion.

✍️ Practical exercise 1: Consider the following discussion.

Person A: "I think the new programme will help students."
Person B: "Only someone who doesn't think at all would say that."

✍️ Practical exercise 2: Consider the following discussion.

Person A: "I think the programme is good because it will help small businesses."
Person B: "I think it might be too expensive."